Our method based on low background ¦Ã-spectrometry enabled the measurement of low radiocesium concentrations in only 20 L of seawater. In May 2011 after deposition of radiocesium, 134Cs concentration in surface water within the Sea of Japan was confirmed to be significantly small (<0.1-1 mBq/L) by the method. The concentration was not detected (<0.1 mBq/L) below 50 m depth. The Fukushima-derived radiocesium migrated from the surface water of the Sea of Japan without advection to below the thermocline.