Sex differences in goal orientation in adolescents aged 10-19: The older boys adopt work-avoidant goals twice as often as girls
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- 作者：Sanne Dekker ; Lydia Krabbendam ; Nikki C. Lee ; Annemarie Boschloo ; Renate de Groot ; Jelle Jolles
- 关键词：Goal orientation ; Sex differences ; Adolescence ; Development
- 刊名：Learning and Individual Differences
- 出版年：2013
- 出版时间：August, 2013
- 年：2013
- 卷：26
- 期：Complete
- 页码：196-200
- 全文大小：222 K
文摘
This study investigated sex differences in goal orientation during adolescence. 910 adolescents aged 10-19 years read vignettes of students reflecting four goal orientations and indicated which student they resembled most. Boys and girls from two age-groups (10-14 versus 14-19 years old) were compared. Multinomial logistic regression was performed with goal orientation as dependent variable, including level of parental education as a covariate. Results showed that girls were more likely than boys to endorse mastery goals (48 % vs 39 % ) or performance-avoidant goals (20 % vs 14 % ). Boys more often endorsed work-avoidant or performance-approach goals. At age 14-19 years, work-avoidance was more than twice as common for boys as girls (27 % vs 12 % ). With age, mastery goals decreased (from 52 % to 36 % ), whereas work-avoidant goals increased (from 8 % to 18 % ). These age and sex differences in goal orientations may be a possible explanation for boys' lower academic achievement compared to girls' and show a need for early intervention.