The safety and efficacy of peripheral blood stem cell collecting procedures in POEMS syndrome were investigated The proportions of good mobilizers were comparable between cyclophosphamide plus granulocyte colony–stimulating factor or granulocyte colony–stimulating factor alone mobilization Mobilization-related complications were significantly higher in the cyclophosphamide plus granulocyte colony–stimulating factor group Patients in granulocyte colony–stimulating factor alone group achieved a significant decrease in the serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels by induction therapy before peripheral blood stem cell collection Appropriate induction therapy followed by granulocyte colony–stimulating factor monotherapy is an optimal strategy for peripheral blood stem cell collection in POEMS syndrome