Individual and combined developmental toxicity assessment of bisphenol A and genistein using the embryonic stem cell test in vitro

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• 作者：Dan Kong ; Lina Xing ; Ran Liu ; Jianjun Jiang ; Wanyi Wang ; Lanqin Shang ; Xuetao Wei ; Weidong Hao
• 关键词：EBs ; embryonic bodies ; ECETOC ; European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals ; ECVAM ; European Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods ; EEDs ; environmental endocrine disruptors ; EEs ; environmental estrogens ; ER ; estrogen receptors
• 刊名：Food and Chemical Toxicology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：October, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：60
• 期：Complete
• 页码：497-505
• 全文大小：1217 K

文摘

The potential developmental toxicity of environmental estrogenic endocrine disruptors have become a great concern in recent years. In this study, two typical environmental oestrogen, namely, bisphenol A (BPA) and genistein (GEN) were investigated for potential embryotoxicity using the embryonic stem cell test model. Afterwards, a 4 ¡Á 4 full factorial design and the estimated marginal means plot were performed to assess the combined effects of these two compounds.

According to the linear discriminant functions and classification criteria, bisphenol A and genistein were classified as weakly embryotoxic and strongly embryotoxic respectively. As for combined effects, the overall interaction between BPA and GEN on embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiation was synergistic at low dosages, however, on ESCs and 3T3 cell proliferation, the predominate action was additive. Considering the actual daily intake of these chemicals, it is concluded that BPA alone might not have adverse reproductive or developmental effects on human being. However, given that BPA and GEN do have synergistic effect at low concentration, they may disturb normal embryo development together, which could result in birth defect and behavioral alterations later in life.