A high-performance anode for MFC is prepared by surface modification of SSM.
The modified SSM could generate a high current density of up to 1.91 mA cm−2.
The formation of Fe3O4 layer enhanced the interaction between the CB and SSM.
The modified SSM was stable under the potential of +0.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
The modified SSM was an ideal anode for upscaling applications of MFCs.