Non-linear seismic responses of tunnels within normal fault ground under obliquely incident P waves
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文摘
The formulas of the equivalent nodal forces for the plane seismic P waves with arbitrary incident angles are deduced. The 2-D input of P waves is implemented into the commercial software ABAQUS. The tunnel buried in hanging wall, foot wall and fault suffers different damage and failure mechanics. The seismic responses of tunnel in normal fault ground are highly affected by the incident angle of P waves.

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