Data from three studies with OLAI were pooled and patients classified according to a cluster analysis [Lipkovich, Psychiatry Res, 2009] into five categories according severity of psychiatric symptoms (sx) and functional impairment (imp):
(minimal sx/mild imp),
(minimal sx/moderate imp),
(moderate sx/mild to moderate imp),
(moderate sx/severe imp),
(moderate to severe sx/severe imp).
Improvement was defined as a change from B or C to A, or from D or E to A, B or C. Changes between the categories in the 6 months were analyzed. Stepwise logistic regression modeling was done to determine factors associated with improvement.
1182 patients were classified. Patients who remained in the studies at 6 months had lower baseline CGI-S (3.04 vs 3.28, p < 0.001), lower PANSS (61.38 vs 64.05, p = 0.012) and higher QLS (1.76 vs 1.39, p = 0.001). (Table 1) As patients in category A couldn¡¯t improve and in category D&E couldn¡¯t worsen, 261(39 % ) patients from categories B, C, D and E improved and only 55(10 % ) from categories A, B and C got worse during 6 months. Baseline factors associated with improvement were: baseline category (p < 0.001), CGI-S score (p = 0.022), and PANSS positive (p = 0.003)
valign=""bottom"">At baseline | valign=""bottom"">Patients in category | valign=""bottom"">PANSS total mean (SD) | valign=""bottom"">QLS total mean (SD) | valign=""bottom"">Classification at 6 (¡À 1) months A | valign=""bottom"">Classification at 6 (¡À 1) months B | valign=""bottom"">Classification at 6 (¡À 1) months C | valign=""bottom"">Classification at 6 (¡À 1) months D | valign=""bottom"">Classification at 6 (¡À 1) months E | valign=""bottom"">6 months drop-outs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 162 (14 % ) | 46 (9) | 3.9 (1.1) | 86 | 26 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 34 (21 % ) |
B | 434 (37 % ) | 55 (11) | 0.8 (1.2) | 61 | 210 | 9 | 12 | 1 | 121 (28 % ) |
C | 208 (18 % ) | 65 (13) | 3.6 (1.2) | 68 | 16 | 61 | 8 | 1 | 48 (23 % ) |
D | 303 (36 % ) | 72 (11) | 0.6 (10) | 14 | 80 | 18 | 62 | 2 | 115 (38 % ) |
E | 72 (6 % ) | 94 (15) | 0.5 (0.9) | 3 | 14 | 3 | 18 | 7 | 21 (29 % ) |
Total | 1182 (100 % ) | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | 232 (29 % ) | 346 (44 % ) | 98 (12 % ) | 100 (13 % ) | 11 (1 % ) | 339 |