Residential histories of elites and sacrificial victims at Huacas de Moche, Peru, as reconstructed from oxygen isotopes

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• 作者：J. Marla Toyne ; Christine D. White ; John W. Verano ; Santiago Uceda Castillo ; Jean Fran莽ois Millaire ; Fred J. Longstaffe
• 关键词：Moche ; Residential history ; Mobility ; Human sacrifice ; Oxygen isotopes ; Phosphate
• 刊名：Journal of Archaeological Science
• 出版年：February, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：42
• 期：Complete
• 页码：15-28
• 全文大小：1499 K

文摘

Early state formation on the Andean coast resulted in the creation of monumental, densely populated urban centers. The prehispanic Peruvian site of Huacas de Moche (鈭糀.D. 100-850) was one of the largest sites that developed during the Early Intermediate Period, and we examine its urban population dynamics and community interaction here. We use phosphate oxygen isotope compositions (未¹⁸O_p) of tooth enamel (formed during childhood) and bone (continuously remodeled during life) to reconstruct the residential histories of 34 Moche individuals interred in urban tomb and sacrificial contexts at this site. These data are also used to explore the highly debated origin of Moche sacrifices and discuss the shift in victims' geographic origins over time.

Local baseline water sources (未¹⁸O_w) were used to interpret the human 未¹⁸O_p values. Females from urban residential compound and platform mound tombs have more variable 未¹⁸O_p values than males, which suggest a patrilocal residence pattern. Males from the same elite contexts have 未¹⁸O_p values that reflect local water compositions, demonstrating lifetime residential stability and therefore a local elite. An earlier sacrificial group (Plaza 3C) appears to consist mostly of local individuals, but the greater inclusion of non-local individuals in a later sacrificial group (Plaza 3A) reflects more variability in origins of victims during later Moche state development. While the nature of Moche socio-political structure remains contentious, these data suggest a high degree of population mobility among distant Moche centers.