Nuclear Noncoding RNAs and Genome Stability

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• 作者：Jasbeer S. Khanduja¹ ; ³ ; Isabel A. Calvo¹ ; ³ ; Richard I. Joh¹ ; ³ ; Ian T. Hill² ; Mo Motamedi¹ ; ^{mmotamedi@hms.harvard.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：noncoding RNA (ncRNA) ; genome stability ; DNA repair ; lncRNA ; siRNA ; piRNA ; diRNA ; DNA double-strand break (DSB) ; heterochromatin ; transposon silencing
• 刊名：Molecular Cell
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：7 July 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：63
• 期：1
• 页码：7-20
• 全文大小：2163 K

文摘

In modern molecular biology, RNA has emerged as a versatile macromolecule capable of mediating an astonishing number of biological functions beyond its role as a transient messenger of genetic information. The recent discovery and functional analyses of new classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have revealed their widespread use in many pathways, including several in the nucleus. This Review focuses on the mechanisms by which nuclear ncRNAs directly contribute to the maintenance of genome stability. We discuss how ncRNAs inhibit spurious recombination among repetitive DNA elements, repress mobilization of transposable elements (TEs), template or bridge DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during repair, and direct developmentally regulated genome rearrangements in some ciliates. These studies reveal an unexpected repertoire of mechanisms by which ncRNAs contribute to genome stability and even potentially fuel evolution by acting as templates for genome modification.