Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of death in Spain. Studies with statins have demonstrated that there are patients with a cardiovascular episode and good lipid profile who have a high risk of cardiovascular disease. The residual risk includes not only lipid profile but also all cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, sedentariness, and obesity. Lifestyle modifications and pharmacological therapy are fundamental. Reduction of residual risk in these patients is a challenge for both physicians and the healthcare administration.