Activating brown adipose tissue through exercise (ACTIBATE) in young adults: Rationale, design and methodology

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• 作者：Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado^a ; ^{gsanchezdelgado@ugr.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Borja Martinez-Tellez^a ; ^{borjammt@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Josune Olza^b ; ^{jolza@ugr.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Concepcion M. Aguilera^b ; ^{caguiler@ugr.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Idoia Labayen^c ; ^{idoia.labayen@ehu.eus" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Francisco B. Ortega^a ; ^{ortegaf@ugr.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Palma Chillon^a ; ^{pchillon@ugr.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Carlos Fernandez-Reguera^a ; ^{carlosreguera89@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Juan M.A. Alcantara^a ; ^{juanma.alcantara@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Wendy D. Martinez-Avila^a ; ^{wdma@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Victoria Muñ ; oz-Hernandez^a ; ^{mariavmuher@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Francisco M. Acosta^a ; ^{fran_acosta_@hotmail.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Juan Prados-Ruiz^a ; ^{juanlo_7_@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete^d ; ^{franamga13@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Laura Hidalgo-Garcia^a ; ^{lhidgar@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Lorena Rodriguez^a ; ^{lorenardrgz89@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Yasmeen Abdel-Karim Ruiz^a ; ^e ; ^{yasmeen@granada.org" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Angel Ramirez-Navarro^f ; ^{angel.ramirez.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Maria A. Muros-de Fuentes^f ; ^{mangustias.muros.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Yolanda Garcí ; a-Rivero^f ; ^{yolandgr@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Rocio Sanchez-Sanchez^f ; ^{rocisansan@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Juan de Dios Beas Jimenez^g ; ^{juand.beas@juntadeandalucia.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Carlos de Teresa^g ; ^{cdeteresa@ejerciciosaludable.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Socorro Navarrete^g ; ^{socorro.navarrete@juntadeandalucia.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Rosa Lozano^g ; ^{rmaria.lozano@juntadeandalucia.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Esther Brea-Gomez^h ; ^{estherbre@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Jose Rubio-Lopez^h ; ^{drrubiolopez@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Maria R. Ruizⁱ ; ^{maruru2022@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Amalia Cano-Nieto^a ; ^{amaliaacn@yahoo.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Jose M. Llamas-Elvira^f ; ^{josem.llamas.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Jose A. Jimenez Rios^h ; ^{josea.jimenez.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Angel Gil^b ; ^{agil@ugr.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Jonatan R. Ruiz^a ; ^{ruizj@ugr.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：ACTIBATE ; activating brown adipose tissue through exercise ; BAIBA ; β-aminoisobutyric acid ; BAT ; Brown adipose tissue ; BMI ; body mass index ; BRITE ; brown-in-white ; CAMD ; Centro Andaluz de Medicina del Deporte ; CIT ; cold-induced thermogenesis ; DXA ; dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ; 18F-FDG ; 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) ; HRres ; heart rate reserve ; iMUDS ; Instituto Mixto Deporte y Salud ; MIT ; meal-induced thermogenesis ; PET/CT ; positron emission tomography/computed tomography ; RCT ; randomized co
• 刊名：Contemporary Clinical Trials
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：45
• 期：part_PB
• 页码：416-425
• 全文大小：941 K

文摘

The energy expenditure capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) makes it an attractive target as a therapy against obesity and type 2 diabetes. BAT activators namely catecholamines, natriuretic peptides and certain myokines, are secreted in response to exercise. ACTIBATE will determine the effect of exercise on BAT activity and mass measured by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT, primary outcome) in young adults. ACTIBATE will also investigate the physiological consequences of activating BAT (secondary outcomes).

Methods

ACTIBATE will recruit 150 sedentary, healthy, young adults (50% women) aged 18–25 years. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to a non-exercise group (n ≈ 50) or one of two exercise groups (n = 50 each). Participants in the exercise groups will perform aerobic and strength training 3–4 days/week at a heart rate equivalent to 60% of heart rate reserve (HRres), and at 50% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) for the moderate-intensity group, and at 80% of HRres and 70% RM for the vigorous-intensity group. Laboratory measures completed at baseline and 6 months include BAT activity and mass, resting energy expenditure, meal and cold-induced thermogenesis, body temperature regulation and shivering threshold, body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors. We will also obtain biopsies from abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle to analyse the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in the thermogenic machinery.

Discussion

Findings from ACTIBATE will have significant implications for our understanding of exercise and its protective effects against the development of type 2 diabetes, obesity and related metabolic diseases.

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02365129