Catalytic conversion of jojoba oil into biodiesel by organotin catalysts, spectroscopic and chromatographic characterization

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Mazloom Shah ; Saqib Ali ; Muhammad Tariq ; Nasir Khalid ; Fiaz Ahmad ; Mir Ajab Khan
• 关键词：Jojoba oil ; Catalysts ; Biodiesel ; Transesterification and fuel properties
• 刊名：Fuel
• 出版年：15 February, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：118
• 期：Complete
• 页码：392-397
• 全文大小：671 K

文摘

The transesterification of jojoba oil with methanol has been studied in the presence of various catalysts i.e., sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), dibutyltin diacetate (C₄H₉)₂Sn (OOCCH₃)₂, dioctyltin diacetate (C₈H₁₇)₂Sn (OOCCH₃)₂, dibutyltin oxide (C₄H₉)₂SnO, dioctyltin oxide (C₈H₁₇)₂SnO, diphenyltin oxide (C₆H₅)₂SnO, monobutyltin chloride dihydroxide ((C₄H₉)Sn(OH)₂Cl) and monobutyltin hydroxide oxide hydrate ((C₄H₉)Sn(=O)OH鈰?em>xH₂O), with % age conversion of oil into biodiesel was 84.5%, 61.3%, 92.6%, 25.4%, 22.0%, 23.3%, 12.0%, 2.15% and 1.05%, respectively. The optimization of experimental parameters was established to achieve maximum yield of the product by using dibutyltin diacetate (C₄H₉)₂Sn (OOCCH₃)₂. The physical and fuel properties of jojoba biodiesel like density, dynamic viscosity, kinematic viscosity, pour point, cloud point, flash point, and acid number were determined by ASTM procedures and were found to be comparable to ASTM standards for diesels. The synthesis of jojoba seed oil biodiesel (JSOB) was confirmed by FT-IR and NMR (¹H and ¹³C) analyses of both oil and biodiesel. Chemical composition of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in jojoba biodiesel was established by GC-MS analysis and verified by retention time data and mass fragmentation pattern.