Mechanisms of Aneuploidy in Human Eggs

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• 作者：Alexandre Webster¹ ; Melina Schuh¹ ; ^{melina.schuh@mpibpc.mpg.de}
• 关键词：aneuploidy ; oocyte ; meiosis ; chromosome segregation ; aging ; human fertility
• 刊名：Trends in Cell Biology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：27
• 期：1
• 页码：55-68
• 全文大小：2527 K
• 卷排序：27

文摘

Eggs and sperm develop through a specialized cell division called meiosis. During meiosis, the number of chromosomes is reduced by two sequential divisions in preparation for fertilization. In human female meiosis, chromosomes frequently segregate incorrectly, resulting in eggs with an abnormal number of chromosomes. When fertilized, these eggs give rise to aneuploid embryos that usually fail to develop. As women become older, errors in meiosis occur more frequently, resulting in increased risks of infertility, miscarriage, and congenital syndromes, such as Down's syndrome. Here, we review recent studies that identify the mechanisms causing aneuploidy in female meiosis, with a particular emphasis on studies in humans.