Preceptor perceptions of fourth year student pharmacists‿abilities regarding patient counseling on therapeutic lifestyle changes

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• 作者：Shawn Riser Taylor ; PharmD ; CDE^a ; ^{s.taylor@wingate.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Michelle DeGeeter ; PharmD ; CDE^a ; Jennifer A. Wilson ; PharmD ; BCACP^b ; Kim I. Leadon ; MEd^c ; Philip T. Rodgers ; PharmD ; FCCP^c
• 关键词：Therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) counseling ; Overweight/obesity ; Tobacco use ; Patient counseling ; Advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) ; Precepting
• 刊名：Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May-June 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：8
• 期：3
• 页码：353-358
• 全文大小：238 K

文摘

Advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) provide an opportunity for students to showcase health and wellness knowledge and skills attained during didactic education. The primary objective of this study was to assess preceptor perceptions of how well pharmacy year four (PY4) students are prepared to provide guideline-based and patient-specific therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) counseling at onset of an APPE rotation. A secondary objective included assessment of differences in counseling abilities if the preceptor considered the student normal weight versus overweight or obese, or if they were a known smoker.

Methods

A questionnaire containing Likert questions about perceptions regarding TLC counseling was distributed electronically in October 2014 to 708 PY4 preceptors from two pharmacy schools. Only preceptors who routinely provided TLC counseling were included in data analysis that were done using descriptive statistics. The project was approved by both universities’ institutional review boards.

Results

The survey was completed by 165 PY4 preceptors (response rate = 23.3%), and 67 met inclusion criteria. Regarding nutrition counseling, a greater percentage of preceptors agreed that students more adequately provided counseling per guidelines (79.1%) versus individual patient needs (62.6%). Preceptors perceived students of normal weight were more likely to provide adequate lifestyle-modification counseling to overweight/obese patients (81%) compared to students that were overweight/obese themselves (69%). Students of normal weight were perceived to be more likely to adequately counsel normal weight patients on lifestyle modifications (81%) compared to students that were overweight/obese (64%). Students who smoked were perceived to adequately counsel about not smoking, though, to a lesser degree than students who were non-smokers.

Implications

While students are perceived as adequately equipped to provide guideline-based recommendations, there is room for improvement in providing patient-specific counseling. Additionally, it is perceived that student health status related to weight impacts TLC counseling.