T-2 toxin immunotoxicity on human B and T lymphoid cell lines
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文摘
T-2 toxin belongs to a group of mycotoxins synthesized by Fusarium fungi that are widely encountered as natural contaminants in cereals. Human lymphoid cell lines of T (MOLT-4) or B (IM-9) lineage were used to characterize the cytotoxic effects mediated by T-2 at different concentrations (0.1 pg/ml to 1 μg/ml). After 24 h, membrane damage was observed by Trypan blue dye exclusion in IM-9 cells with a 50 % cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 0.2 ng/ml, whereas CC50 for MOLT-4 cells was 0.6 μg/ml (gmicro). At a T-2 concentration of 0.01 μg/ml, apoptosis was seen in MOLT-4 cells by Annexin V binding as early as after 4 h. T-2 toxin determined sustained (48 h) immunosuppression on both cell lines, as evaluated by BrdU and MTT assays. Cytotoxicity appeared to be due to early apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells, as indicated by increased Annexin V binding and activation of caspase-3, and to direct cell membrane damage in IM-9 cells.