Ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from slatted and solid floors in dairy cattle houses: A scale model study

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• 作者：José ; Pereira^a ; ^e ; ^{jlpereira@esav.ipv.pt"" rel=""nofollow} ; ^{jlpereira@engenheiros.pt"" rel=""nofollow} ; David Fangueiro^b ; Tom H. Misselbrook^c ; David R. Chadwick^c ; Joã ; o Coutinho^d ; Henrique Trindade^e
• 刊名：Biosystems Engineering
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：June 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：109
• 期：2
• 页码：148-157
• 全文大小：717 K

文摘

Dairy cattle are usually housed in naturally ventilated houses where removal of excreta is periodically performed. The aim of this controlled study was to compare the effect of two floor designs and three air temperatures (5, 15 and 25 °C) on NH₃, N₂O, CH₄ and CO₂ emissions arising from cattle excreta deposition to the floor. Two scale models were built to simulate a level solid floor without urine drainage, and a slatted concrete floor. Following application of a mixture of urine and faeces, these two floor type models were subjected to a constant airflow rate (12.5 exchanges h⁻¹) and gaseous emissions were measured over a 72-h period.

Emissions of NH₃, N₂O, CO₂ and CH₄ increased significantly with air temperature with both floor type models and emissions of NH₃, N₂O and CO₂ were significantly greater from the solid floor relative to the slatted floor at all temperatures considered. The cumulative NH₃ (27–66 % of total N applied) and CO₂ (<19 % of total C applied) emissions were greater from the solid floor than from the slatted floor (by 36 % and 44 % , respectively). The cumulative N₂O (<0.1 % of total N applied) and CH₄ (<0.4 % of total C applied) emissions were relatively low and CH₄ values did not differ significantly between treatments. Cumulative greenhouse gas emissions (as CO₂-equivalents) increased significantly with temperature but did not differ between the floor types.