Hematite doped with Sn(IV) and coated with an ultrathin Nb2O5 layer are synthesized.
Dual-modified hematite exhibits remarkably high photoelectrochemical efficiencies.
A stable photocurrent is maintained under prolonged irradiation over 24 h.
O2 is linearly produced from water with an efficiency of >80% without deactivation.
The effect is in-depth studied in terms of charge separation and injection.