Liquid phase hydrogenation of d-glucose to d-sorbitol over the catalyst (Ru/NiO-TiO2) of ruthenium on a NiO-modified TiO2 support
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文摘
The catalyst of ruthenium (Ru) on a new class of NiO-modified TiO2 support material, that is, Ru/(NiO-TiO2) was employed especially for selective hydrogenation of d-glucose to d-sorbitol. The modification of the TiO2 support was carried out with a nickel precursor by a simple impregnation method. After calcinations, the stable NiO-modified TiO2 support was re-impregnated with ruthenium (III) chloride hydrate aqueous solution. An additive effect of NiO in its corresponding catalyst of ruthenium on a NiO-modified TiO2 support exhibits the enhancement in the selectivity to d-sorbitol by minimizing the d-fructose and d-mannitol. To develop our understanding for the activity of the catalysts, the hydrogenation of d-glucose was investigated with the effect of (1.0 wt. % and 5.0 wt. % ) ruthenium loading and (2.0-10 wt. % ) NiO loading followed by the pretreatment of the catalysts. The reaction condition was optimized by varying the concentrations of d-glucose (from 10 to 30 wt. % ) and temperatures (from 90 ¡ãC to 120 ¡ãC) to reach up to the highest product selectivity to d-sorbitol. These catalysts were characterized by using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and CO chemisorption.

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