Improved parameterization of dust emission (PM₁₀) fluxes by the gradient method using the Naiman tower data at the Horqin desert in China

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• 作者：Moon-Soo Park^a ; ^{moonsoo@paran.com} ; Soon-Ung Park^a ; ^{supark@snu.ac.kr} ; Youngsin Chun^b ; ^{hwangsa@korea.kr}
• 关键词：Convective velocity ; Dust deposition/emission flux ; Gradient method ; Naiman tower ; Parameterization of dust emission flux
• 刊名：Science of the Total Environment
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：1 March 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：412-413
• 期：Complete
• 页码：265-277
• 全文大小：2507 K

文摘

Dust emission/deposition flux has been estimated using the gradient method with the two-level (3 and 15 m high) measured PM₁₀ concentrations and the sonic anemometer measured momentum and kinematic heat fluxes at 8 m high from a 20-m monitoring tower located at Naiman (Horqin desert) in the Asian dust source region in China for the winter of November 2007 to March 2008. The time series of measured PM₁₀ concentration at 3 m high is used to identify the dust event and the non-dust event periods. It is found that the dust emission/deposition flux (F_C) shows a significant diurnal variation with the maximum emission flux of 5.8 kg km^?#xA0;2 h^?#xA0;1 at noon and the minimum of ?#xA0;1.6 kg km^?#xA0;2 h^?#xA0;1 in the afternoon for the non-dust event cases. Whereas for the dust event cases, the dust emission flux is found to occur when the prevailing winds are westerlies to northerlies with the maximum flux of 1275 kg km^?#xA0;2 d^?#xA0;1, while the maximum dust deposition flux of 148 kg km^?#xA0;2 d^?#xA0;1 occurs with the prevailing winds of southerlies to easterlies without any diurnal variation. The optimal regression equation between F_C and the friction velocity (u_*) for the dust emission cases is found to be F_C = 9.55 u_*^3.13 with the R² value of 0.73. However, this regression equation can be improved by taking into account the convective velocity (w_*). The resulting optimal regression equation is found to be F_C = 9.3(u_* ?#xA0;0.1w_*)^3.19 for the stable stratification (w_* < 0) with the R² value of 0.77 and F_C = 10.5(u_* + 0.34w_*)^4.11 for the unstable stratification (w_* > 0) with the R² value of 0.78, suggesting the importance of the convective velocity on the dust emission flux.