Intrathecal (i.t.) administration of BAM8–22 inhibited mechanical allodynia in an opioid-independent manner.
I.t. BAM8–22 suppressed expression of nNOS and p-CREB in the spinal dorsal horn.
I.t. BAM8–22 reversed astrocytic activation and expression of interleukin-1β and p-ERK in the dorsal horn.
I.t. BAM8–22 reversed the expression of fractalkine and IL-1β in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.
The BAM8–22 exposure suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced increase of nNOS and IL-1β in the DRG explant cultures.