Spectral conditions for edge connectivity and packing spanning trees in multigraphs
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A multigraph is a graph with possible multiple edges, but no loops. The multiplicity of a multigraph is the maximum number of edges between any pair of vertices. We prove that, for a multigraph G with multiplicity m   and minimum degree δ≥2k, if the algebraic connectivity is greater than View the MathML source, then G has at least k edge-disjoint spanning trees; for a multigraph G with multiplicity m   and minimum degree δ≥k, if the algebraic connectivity is greater than View the MathML source, then the edge connectivity is at least k. These extend some earlier results.

A balloon of a graph G is a maximal 2-edge-connected subgraph that is joined to the rest of G by exactly one cut-edge. We provide spectral conditions for the number of balloons in a multigraph, which also generalizes an earlier result.

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