We analyzed the spreading of kdr mutations in T. infestans populations from the Gran Chaco.
L1014F mutation is present in the resistance focus from the Argentinean-Bolivian border.
L925I mutation is present in the resistance focus from the Argentinean Chaco.
Mutations in the sodium channel is a major cause of pyrethroid resistance in T. infestans.
PASA and REA assays are sensitive and efficient tools for resistance monitoring in T. infestans.