Literature Review of Periclitoral Cysts in the Prepubertal Population

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• 作者：Kayla L. Nelson ; MD¹ ; ^{Kayla.Nelson4@albertahealthservices.ca" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Sarah K. McQuillan ; BSc ; MD ; FRCSC² ; Philippa Brain ; MD ; FRCSC²
• 关键词：Clitoral cyst ; Clitoral enlargement ; Tumor ; Prepubescent
• 刊名：Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：29
• 期：6
• 页码：558-561
• 全文大小：383 K

文摘

Clitoral cysts in the pediatric population are rare conditions that require careful evaluation. In this review of the literature we discuss the evaluation of clitoral abnormalities in the pediatric population, the development of clitoral cysts, and how to differentiate benign from malignant tumors. In addition, a summary of relevant cases of clitoral tumors in the literature are discussed.

bsSec_2">Design

bspara0015">Literature review.

bsSec_3">Data Source

bspara0020">A MedLine and advanced PubMed search was conducted of all English language articles published using the search terms “clitoris” and “cyst” until February 2015. Reference tracing was completed for all articles for completeness.

bsSec_4">Main Outcome

bspara0025">Literature review of clitoral cysts in the prepubertal population.

bsSec_5">Results

bspara0030">In total, we found 15 cases of benign, spontaneously forming clitoral cysts reported. Eleven of those cases document symptom onset before puberty. Reports of other benign clitoral lesions in the pediatric population include 1 angiokeratoma, 1 hemangiopericytoma, 1 granular cell tumor, 6 hemangiomas, and approximately 30 neurofibromas. Clitoral malignancies in the pediatric population are even more rare with only 3 cases of clitoral schwannomas, 2 rhabdomyosarcomas, 1 lymphoma, and 1 endodermal sinus tumor documented in the literature.

bsSec_6">Conclusion

bspara0035">Clitoral cysts must be considered as a possible cause of clitoral enlargement in the prepubertal population. Clitoral tumors are distinguished clinically from hormonal abnormalities and intersex disorders by their hormonal profile, and the presence of an underlying mass. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging might be useful imaging modalities to further characterize the clitoral enlargement. When confirmed as the most likely diagnosis, surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for clitoral cysts.