Handbook of neurovirology R.R. Mc Kendall et W.G. Stroop: R.R. McKendall et W.G. Stroop

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• 关键词：Malaria ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; Epidemiology ; Severity risk factors
• 刊名：Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses
• 出版年：1995
• 出版时间：June-July 1995
• 年：1995
• 卷：25
• 期：6-7
• 页码：822
• 全文大小：78 K

文摘

Malaria is still a major cause of severe illness among people living in many tropical countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This is a well-known evidence but many different and various factors are involved which account for an important epidemiological diversity. Factors likely to influence the frequence and severity of the disease are analysed : 1-environmental factors : natural biogeography govern the epidemiological patterns of malaria which can be modified by local conditions such as relief, climate changes, natural disasters and, most important, human-related activities like urbanisation, deforestation, migration of workers or refugees, … 2- host and parasite factors as familial and/or individual susceptibility, strain virulence and level of chemoresistance of malaria parasites and the size of the inoculum of sporozoïtes; 3- socioeconomic factors such as occupation, educational level and crowding. Moreover the outcome of an infection depend on the level of malaria acquired immunity which is related to the intensity and regularity of transmission.