Bioenergy pathways for cars: Effects on primary energy use, climate change and energy system integration
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- 作者：Leif Gustavsson ; Nguyen Le Truong ; nguyen.truong@lnu.se" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author
- 关键词：Forest residues ; Primary energy ; Fossil fuel substitution ; Light-duty vehicles ; Energy system integration
- 刊名：Energy
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：15 November 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：115
- 期：part_P3
- 页码：1779-1789
- 全文大小：1811 K
文摘
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The primary energy efficiency of biomotor fuels is lower than that of fossil oils.
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Biomotor fuels increase global warming during 40–50 years before they give benefits.
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Combined heat and power-based electric vehicles give high primary energy efficiency.
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Biomass-based electric vehicles can give global cooling effects immediately.
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The use of biomass should be considered in the context of the overall energy system.