The transport system is one of the most important components of the economies of the world, which significantly affects the development and welfare of the population. In the article we examine the impact of motor roads on the economic development of the region on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. Inconsistency between the level of development of roads and the level of demand for road transport leads to unnecessarily huge budget expenditures. To improve the traffic planning and management in the republic we propose a comprehensive approach to the problem to improve the economic development of the republic.