Steroid 17β-reduction by microorganisms—a review

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• 作者：Marina V. Donova ; Olga V. Egorova ; Vera M. Nikolayeva
• 关键词：Steroid ; 17β ; -Reduction ; 17β ; -Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ; Microbial transformation ; Testosterone ; Androstenedione
• 刊名：Process Biochemistry
• 出版年：2005
• 出版时间：June 2005
• 年：2005
• 卷：40
• 期：7
• 页码：2253-2262
• 全文大小：168 K

文摘

17β-Reduction is one of key and widespread reactions of microbial steroid metabolism. It accompanies various steroid transformations by microorganisms and plays a role in the regulation of reducing equivalent pool and detoxication of exogenic steroids. The ability of microorganisms to reduce C₁₇-ketosteroids has been known for 60 years, but most progress in the biochemistry and biotechnology of the process has been recorded in the past two decades. The regulation of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity is of importance for the selectivity of various steroid biotransformations. The potential application of microbial 17β-reduction and the reverse reaction – 17β-oxidation – in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of 17β-hydroxy and 17-oxosteroids is shown. Microbial side chain cleavage of sterols in combination with 17β-reduction represents the shortest way to obtain testosterone in a single biotechnological operation thus replacing multistep chemical and/or combined biotech-chemical syntheses. This review highlights progress in the understanding of the biochemical basis of 17β-reduction and the biotechnological applications of the process.