A low-calorie diet improves the rate of nutrient oxidation, lowers body fat, and maintains lean mass in morbidly obese Brazilian women

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• 作者：Carla B. Nonino-Borges ; Isolda P.N.N. Maduro ; Marinella Bavaresco ; Ricardo M. Borges ; Vivian M.M. Suen and Jú ; lio S. Marchini
• 关键词：Low-calorie diet ; Obesity ; Body composition ; Harris-Benedict equation ; Indirect calorimetry ; Substrate oxidation ; Women
• 刊名：Nutrition Research
• 出版年：2006
• 出版时间：September 2006
• 年：2006
• 卷：26
• 期：9
• 页码：437-442
• 全文大小：170 K

文摘

To assess the effect of a low calorie diet on the resting metabolic rate (RMR), substrate oxidation, body composition, and to compare measured and calculated RMR of obese Brazilian women, we selected 19 patients aged 31 &#xb1; 9 years, with a body mass index of 51 &#xb1; 8 kg/m², for admission to the Metabolic Unit of the University Hospital for 8 weeks, who were then submitted to a 3.3 to 4.2 MJ/d (800-1000 kcal/d) diet. Weight, height, and circumferences were measured on the first and last days of the study. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance, and RMR and substrate oxidation rate by indirect calorimetry. A decrease in body weight (134 &#xb1; 23 kg vs 121 &#xb1; 21 kg, P < .05), waist (136 &#xb1; 17 cm vs 123 &#xb1; 17 cm, P < .05), and hip circumference (149 &#xb1; 14 cm vs 137 &#xb1; 16 cm, P < .05) occurred during the study. Mean RMR measured by indirect calorimetry (10.6 &#xb1; 1.7 MJ/d; 2540 &#xb1; 420 kcal/d) was 16 % higher (P < .05) than that calculated by Harris-Benedict and World Health Organization equations (8.7 &#xb1; 0.9 MJ/d; 2070 &#xb1; 210 kcal/d and 9.0 &#xb1; 1.4 MJ/d; 2161 &#xb1; 344 kcal/d, respectively) at the beginning, but not at the end of the study. Lipid oxidation rate was 45 % of RMR at the beginning of the study, reaching 59 % at the end (P > .05). Present data suggest that equations to estimate RMR of obese females are reliable after a low-calorie diet and weight loss. Resting metabolic rate was correlated with fat-free mass and body fat. A low-calorie diet with balanced macronutrients is effective for weight loss, leading to a maintenance of lipid oxidation rate and to a reduction of carbohydrate and protein oxidation rates. The low-calorie diet reduced body fat and maintained lean mass.