Susceptibility to rifaximin and other antimicrobial agents of bacteria isolated from acute gastrointestinal infections in Mexico

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：O. Novoa-Farí ; as<sup>asup> ; A.C. Frati-Munari<sup>bsup><sup> ; sup><sup>afrati@alfawassermann.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding authorsup><sup> ; sup><sup>afratim@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding authorsup> ; M.A. Peredo<sup>csup> ; S. Flores-Juá ; rez<sup>asup> ; O. Novoa-Garcí ; a<sup>asup> ; J. Galicia-Tapia<sup>asup> ; C.E. Romero-Carpio<sup>asup>
• 关键词：Rifaximin ; Bacterial resistance ; Bacterial susceptibility ; Antibiotics ; Gastroenteritis ; Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
• 刊名：Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition)
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January-March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：81
• 期：1
• 页码：3-10
• 全文大小：1101 K

文摘

Bacterial resistance may hamper the antimicrobial management of acute gastroenteritis. Bacterial susceptibility to rifaximin, an antibiotic that achieves high fecal concentrations (up to 8,000 μg/g), has not been evaluated in Mexico.

sSec_2">Objective

spar0010">To determine the susceptibility to rifaximin and other antimicrobial agents of enteropathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with acute gastroenteritis in Mexico.

sSec_3">Material and methods

spar0015">Bacterial strains were analyzed in stool samples from 1,000 patients with diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis. The susceptibility to rifaximin (RIF) was tested by microdilution (< 100, < 200, < 400 and < 800 μg/ml) and susceptibility to chloramphenicol (CHL), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (T-S), neomycin (NEO), furazolidone (FUR), fosfomycin (FOS), ampicillin (AMP) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) was tested by agar diffusion at the concentrations recommended by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute and the American Society for Microbiology.

sSec_4">Results

spar0020">Isolated bacteria were: enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) (EPEC) 531, Shigella 120, non-Typhi Salmonella 117, Aeromonas spp. 80, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) 54, Yersinia enterocolitica 20, Campylobacter jejuni 20, Vibrio spp. 20, Plesiomonas shigelloides 20, and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC 0:157) 18. The overall cumulative susceptibility to RIF at <100, <200, <400, and <800 μg/ml was 70.6, 90.8, 99.3, and 100%, respectively. The overall susceptibility to each antibiotic was: AMP 32.2%, T-S 53.6%, NEO 54.1%, FUR 64.7%, CIP 67.3%, CLO 73%, and FOS 81.3%. The susceptibility to RIF <400 and RIF <800 μg/ml was significantly greater than with the other antibiotics (p < 0.001).

sSec_5">Conclusions

spar0025">Resistance of enteropathogenic bacteria to various antibiotics used in gastrointestinal infections is high. Rifaximin was active against 99-100% of these enteropathogens at reachable concentrations in the intestine with the recommended dose.