Klinefelter syndrome and risk of psychosis, autism and ADHD

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• 作者：Martin Cederl枚f ; Agnes Ohlsson Gotby ; Henrik Larsson ; Eva Serlachius ; Marcus Boman ; Niklas L氓ngstr枚m ; Mikael L ; 茅n ; Paul Lichtenstein
• 关键词：Klinefelter syndrome ; Schizophrenia ; Bipolar disorder ; Autism spectrum disorder ; ADHD ; Epidemiology
• 刊名：Journal of Psychiatric Research
• 出版年：January, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：48
• 期：1
• 页码：128-130
• 全文大小：170 K

文摘

Background

Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorders and ADHD might be overrepresented in Klinefelter syndrome, but previous investigations have yielded inconclusive results.

Methods

We compared a national sample of 860 Klinefelter patients in Sweden with 86聽000 matched population controls. To assess the risks of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder and ADHD in Klinefelter patients, we estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals using conditional logistic regressions.

Results

Klinefelter patients had almost four times higher risks of schizophrenia, odds ratio (OR)聽=聽3.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-6.7 and bipolar disorder (OR聽=聽3.8, CI 1.8-7.6) and about six times higher risk of autism spectrum disorder (OR聽=聽6.2, CI 4.0-9.4) and ADHD (OR聽=聽5.6, CI 4.0-7.8).

Conclusions

The risk of psychosis, autism and ADHD is increased in Klinefelter patients. These findings indicate an X chromosome-related factor in the etiology of the studied psychiatric disorders, and may also have implications for treatment of patients with Klinefelter syndrome.