The intake of n-3 PUFA at the Medium-Upper Palaeolithic transition is assessed. Middle-Upper Palaeolithic hominins had a major deficit of n-3 PUFA and ascorbic acid. Human organs contain high amounts of n-3 PUFA and ascorbic acid. Nutritional cannibalism served to alleviated n-3 PUFA and ascorbic acid deficits. DHA-rich human organs could have helped the survival of older people at such times.