Development of a novel anaerobic membrane bioreactor simultaneously integrating microfiltration and forward osmosis membranes for low-strength wastewater treatment
MF membrane effectively prevented salt accumulation in the AnMF-OMBR. Stable salinity level enabled a long-term continuous operation of AnMF-OMBRs. A higher methane production was achieved in the AnMF-OMBR due to the low salinity. AnMF-OMBR simultaneously realized recovery of energy and water from wastewater. FO membrane fouling composed of biofouling and inorganic scaling was severe.