This paper reviews the history and current status of FC technologies for the treatment of Reverse Osmosis (RO) brines. A number of water treatment examples and applications of FC are discussed. The review found that, although the outcomes from the FC research are promising, the adoption of this technology in mainstream desalination brine treatment has been insignificant despite the fact that FC could have niche applications in the treatment of brines generated from membrane processes such as RO. The review also found that a hybrid technology approach, such as an integrated RO-FC process, can provide the optimum treatment solution from both an equipment capital and operating cost perspective. Lastly, the paper highlights future focus areas for research and development in the field of FC that aims at making this technology part of the mainstream suite of brine treatment technologies.