MoVTeNb oxides catalyze oxidation, oxidative esterification and ammoxidation of acrolein.
A common mechanism for these reactions is suggested.
Acrylic species can be initially formed as a result of the oxidation stage.
These species undergo nucleophilic substitution with water, alcohols or ammonia.
As a result, acrylic acid, its esters and acrylonitrile are produced, respectively.