The phylogenetic position of the Galápagos Cormorant
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- 作者：Martyn Kennedy ; Carlos A. Valle ; Hamish G. Spencer
- 关键词：Galá ; pagos Cormorant ; Flightless Cormorant ; Phalacrocorax ; P. harrisi ; Compsohalieus ; Leucocarbo ; Phylogeny
- 刊名：Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
- 出版年：2009
- 出版时间：October 2009
- 年：2009
- 卷：53
- 期：1
- 页码：94-98
- 全文大小：262 K
文摘
The endangered Galápagos Cormorant, Phalacrocorax harrisi, is unique among the species of the Phalacrocoracidae in being flightless and sequentially polyandrous. It has had a vexed taxonomic history, variously being lumped with all the species in Phalacrocorax, being accorded its own genus, Nannopterum, or being included in Leucocarbo or Compsohalieus. Different authorities have similarly suggested a number of different species as being its closest relative. Here we use novel mitochondrial DNA sequence data to show that the Galápagos Cormorant is related to the sister pair of the mainland Americas, the Double-crested Cormorant, P. auritus, and the Neotropic Cormorant, P. brasilianus. This trio of species has high statistical support (Bayesian posterior probability of 1.00; NJ bootstrap 98 % ; MP bootstrap 91 % ). The Galápagos Cormorant is thus a relatively recent offshoot of the mainland form, which has subsequently evolved flightlessness. Until the phylogeny of the cormorants is more clearly resolved, we recommend the continued use of Phalacrocorax for all species.