Disability related to road traffic crashes among adults in Spain

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• 作者：Rocí ; o Palmera-Suá ; rez<sup>asup><sup> ; sup><sup>csup><sup> ; sup><sup>p_rocio_del_pilar@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding authorsup><sup> ; sup><sup>rpalmera@isciii.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding authorsup> ; Teresa Ló ; pez-Cuadrado<sup>asup><sup> ; sup><sup>dsup> ; Javier Almazá ; n-Isla<sup>bsup> ; Rafael Ferná ; ndez-Cuenca<sup>asup><sup> ; sup><sup>csup> ; Enrique Alcalde-Cabero<sup>bsup> ; Iñ ; aki Galá ; n<sup>bsup><sup> ; sup><sup>dsup>
• 关键词：Disability evaluation ; Traffic Accidents ; Injuries ; Inequalities ; Socioeconomic factors
• 刊名：Gaceta Sanitaria
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：29
• 期：supp_S1
• 页码：43-48
• 全文大小：392 K

文摘

Road traffic accidents cause substantial morbidity and disease burden; few studies have examined their impact on disability.

sSec_2">Objective

spar0010">To estimate the magnitude and distribution of disability due to road traffic accidents according to socio-demographic variables, and its main socioeconomic and health determinants.

sSec_3">Methods

spar0015">A cross-sectional study was conducted in community-dwelling participants in the “2008 Spanish National Disability Survey”, a representative sample of 91,846 households with 20,425 disabled persons older than 15 years; 443 had disability due to road traffic accidents.

sSec_4">Results

spar0020">The prevalence was 2.1 per 1000 inhabitants (95% CI:1.8-2.3), with no differences by sex. Risk was highest among persons aged 31 to 64 years, and onset of disability showed a sharp inflection point at age 16 years in both sexes. Odds ratios (ORs) were higher (OR = 1.3; 95% CI:1.1- 1.7) for participants with secondary education than for those with the lowest educational levels and were lower (OR: 0.5; 95% CI:0.3-0.8) for participants with the highest household income levels than for those with lowest. Only 24% of disabled participants were gainfully employed. As compared to other sources of disability, traffic crashes caused greater disability in terms of mobility (OR = 3.1;p < 0.001), a greater need for health/social services (OR = 1.5;p = 0.003), and more problems with private transportation (OR = 1.6;p < 0.001), moving around outside the home (OR = 1.6;p < 0.001) and changes in economic activity (OR = 2.4;p < 0.001).

sSec_5">Conclusions

spar0025">The prevalence of disability due to road traffic accidents in Spain is lower than in other developed countries, with middle-aged and socio-economically underprivileged persons being the most affected. Disability due to road traffic accidents is related to a greater demand for social/health care support, problems of accessibility/commuting, and major changes in economic activity.