Trans-apical aortic valve implantation in patients with severe calcification of the ascending aorta

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• 作者：Semih Buz^a ; Miralem Pasic ; ^a ; ^{pasic@dhzb.de"" rel=""nofollow} ; Axel Unbehaun^a ; Thorsten Drews^a ; Stephan Dreysse^a ; Marian Kukucka^a ; Alexander Mladenow^a ; Roland Hetzer^a
• 关键词：TAVI ; Calcified aorta
• 刊名：European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：August 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：40
• 期：2
• 页码：463-468
• 全文大小：306 K

文摘

Objective: In patients with calcification of the ascending aorta, postoperative stroke and mortality rates remain high after conventional aortic valve replacement, but the results of trans-apical aortic valve implantation in these patients are not known. We evaluate the outcome of trans-apical aortic valve implantation in patients with severely calcified ascending aorta in a single center with expanded procedural experience. Methods: Between April 2008 and July 2010, 258 patients underwent trans-apical aortic valve implantation using Edwards Sapien valve. By computed tomography (CT) scan, we identified 46 (18 % ) patients with severe calcification of the ascending aorta (16 with porcelain aorta and 30 with severe, but not complete, calcification). Results: Of 46 patients (mean age 77 ± 10 years, range 63–90 years; EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) 45 ± 22 % ; STS (Society of Thoracic Surgeons) score 23 ± 13) with calcified aorta, 15 received 23-mm valves and 31 patients 26-mm valves. Primary valve implantation was successful in 44 patients and a second valve was implanted (valve-in-valve) in two. Six patients underwent concomitant interventions (three elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), one off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB), one tricuspid valve reconstruction, and one left-ventricular (LV) aneurysmectomy). The final procedural results showed valve incompetence (trace or grade 1) in 17 (37 % ) patients and paravalvular leak in 15 (32.6 % ) (trace in 10 and grade 1 in five). There was no 30-day mortality. Postoperatively, cranial CT showed new cerebral ischemia areas in three patients (6.2 % ), but only one patient (2.1 % ) experienced postoperative neurological deficit (temporary aphasia). Survival at 6 and 12 months was 88 % and 85.2 % , respectively. Conclusions: Trans-apical aortic valve implantation can be performed safely in patients with aortic valve stenosis and severe calcification of the ascending aorta.