Size–segregated particles in 59 elderly residences of São Paulo were measured.
The dominance of fine particles was found with PM2.5 contributing 78% of total PM10.
Indoor sources dominated with I/O as 1.89 and 1.06 for PM2.5 and PM10, respectively.
Respiratory deposition for PM2.5 was almost 25% higher in male than female elderly.
Dominance of fine particles suggests control of indoor sources in elderly residences.