bFGF stimulates proliferation and hyaluronan production, but not IL-6 production, by orbital fibroblasts.
bFGF and PDGF-BB synergistically enhance hyaluronan and IL-6 production by orbital fibroblasts.
bFGF may contribute to orbital inflammation and tissue remodeling in GO, especially by synergistic interaction with PDGF-BB.
VEGF hardly affects orbital fibroblast activity.
The receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib efficiently blocks bFGF + PDGF-BB-induced IL-6 and hyaluronan production.