Bacterial peritonitis is a major complication in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and is a frequent cause of peritoneal dialysis drop-out. The bacteria causing peritonitis are usually Staphylococci, Streptococci or Gam-negative rods. Few cases of peritonitis due to Pasteurella (generally Pasteurella multocida) in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis have been described, although the greater presence of pets in modern societies may be associated with an increase in diseases transmitted from animals to humans.
We describe the first case of Pasteurella canis peritonitis in a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis and review the literature on the topic.