Variants of the xeroderma pigmentosum variant gene (POLH) are associated with melanoma risk

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• 作者：Julie Di Lucca ; Mickael Guedj ; Jean-Jacques Lacapè ; re ; Maria Concetta Fargnoli ; Agnes Bourillon ; Philippe Dieudé ; Nicolas Dupin ; Pierre Wolkenstein ; Philippe Aegerter ; Philippe Saiag ; Vincent
• 关键词：POLH ; DNA repair ; Xeroderma pigmentosum ; Polymorphism ; Melanoma/genetics
• 刊名：European Journal of Cancer
• 出版年：2009
• 出版时间：December 2009
• 年：2009
• 卷：45
• 期：18
• 页码：3228-3236
• 全文大小：656 K

文摘

Purpose

Xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) is a rare recessive autosomal genodermatosis predisposing to multiple early onset skin cancers, including melanoma. XPV results from mutations of the POLH gene that encodes a DNA translesion polymerase. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that POLH variants could be associated with melanoma risk.

Experimental design

A common non-synonymous POLH variant, c.1783A>G p.M595V, was genotyped in 1075 melanoma patients and in 1091 ethnic-matched controls from France. In addition, we searched for rare POLH variants by sequencing the entire coding sequence in 201 patients having a familial history of melanoma (n = 123), sporadic multiple melanomas (n = 65) and a melanoma associated with a skin carcinoma (n = 13).

Results

Overall, the c.1783G, p.595V allele was statistically associated with melanoma (respective allelic frequencies, 0.040 versus 0.022, P-value = 1.17 × 10^–3, odds ratio (OR) = 1.86 [1.27–2.71]), which was further confirmed by a meta-analysis including 274 patients and 174 matched controls from Italy (P-value = 7.7 × 10^–4, OR = 1.84 [1.29–2.63]). Interestingly, three non-synonymous POLH variants were identified in three patients (c.295G>A p.V99M, c.815T>C p.I272T and c.1745C>T p.S582L) which were absent in 352 chromosome controls from healthy subjects.

Conclusions

Besides severe deficiencies in translesion synthesis which are major risks factors for skin carcinomas and melanomas, less deleterious POLH variants could act as low penetrance melanoma predisposing alleles. The ongoing identification of genetic markers implied in skin cancer predisposition could help to identify high-risk subjects as targets for clinical follow-up. Replication studies in other populations are awaited to assess these data.