Lennox–Gastaut syndrome in adulthood: Clinical and EEG features

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• 作者：Edoardo Ferlazzo ; Marina Nikaronova ; Domenico Italiano ; Michelle Bureau ; Charlotte Dravet ; Tiziana Calarese ; Danielle Viallat ; Margarethe Kö ; lmel ; Placido Bramanti ; Lorenzo De Santi ; Pierre Genton
• 关键词：Lennox– ; Gastaut syndrome ; Adults ; Seizures ; EEG
• 刊名：Epilepsy Research
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：May 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：89
• 期：2-3
• 页码：271-277
• 全文大小：786 K

文摘

Summary

Purpose

We performed a retrospective study to investigate seizure, EEG, social and cognitive outcome in adult LGS subjects.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 27 LGS patients aged 40–59 years. We assessed in particular the evolution of different seizure types and EEG findings, as well as cognitive and social outcome.

Results

During the early stages of the disease, all patients presented tonic seizures (TS) during wakefulness and sleep, 20/27 had atypical absences (AA), more rarely other seizure types. EEG showed slow background activity in 21/27 patients, diffuse slow spike-wave discharges (DSSW) during wakefulness in 22/27, and bursts of diffuse fast rhythms (DFR) in sleep in all patients. At last observation, 11 patients only had TS during wakefulness, but all still presented TS during sleep; AA persisted in 6 patients. EEG showed normal BA in 12/27 patients; only 7/27 still presented DSSW. On the contrary, sleep EEG showed the persistence of DFR in all. A moderate to severe cognitive impairment was observed in 26/27 patients.

Conclusions

In adult LGS patients TS during sleep remain the major seizure type; moreover, a standard waking EEG may be normal. Thus, polysomnography represents the most important mean of investigation also in adult LGS patients.