Sulfonated Cu phthalocyanine nanoparticles well dispersed in sulfonated polysulfone.
Nanoparticles increase IEC from 2.1 to 4.5 meq/g but reduce in-plane swelling.
Low activation energy for proton conductivity decreases its temperature dependence.
More stable against edge break between active and inactive area in the fuel cell.
DMFC: peak power density of 153 mW/cm2 at 70 °C and 1 M methanol feed.