Symmetry energy III: Isovector skins

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• 作者：Paweł Danielewicz^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{danielewicz@nscl.msu.edu} ; Pardeep Singh^a ; ^d ; ^{panghal005@gmail.com} ; Jenny Lee^e ; ^{jleehc@hku.hk}
• 关键词：(p ; n) reaction ; Elastic scattering ; Lane potential ; Symmetry energy ; Isovector density ; Neutron matter
• 刊名：Nuclear Physics A
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：958
• 期：Complete
• 页码：147-186
• 全文大小：2034 K
• 卷排序：958

文摘

Isoscalar density is a sum of neutron and proton densities and isovector is a normalized difference. Here, we report the experimental evidence for the displacement of the isovector and isoscalar surfaces in nuclei, by ∼0.9 fm∼0.9 fm from each other. We analyze data on quasielastic (QE) charge exchange (p,n) reactions, concurrently with proton and neutron elastic scattering data for the same target nuclei, following the concepts of the isoscalar and isovector potentials combined into Lane optical potential. The elastic data largely probe the geometry of the isoscalar potential and the (p,n) data largely probe a relation between the geometries of the isovector and isoscalar potentials. The targets include 48Ca, 90Zr, 120Sn and 208Pb and projectile incident energy values span the range of (10–50) MeV. In our fit to elastic and QE charge-exchange data, we allow the values of isoscalar and isovector radii, diffusivities and overall potential normalizations to float away from those in the popular Koning and Delaroche parametrization. We find that the best-fit isovector radii are consistently larger than isoscalar and the best-fit isovector surfaces are steeper. Upon identifying the displacement of the potential surfaces with the displacement of the surfaces for the densities in the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock calculations, and by supplementing the results with those from analyzing excitation energies to isobaric analog states in the past, we arrive at the slope and value of the symmetry energy at normal density of 70<L<101 MeV70<L<101 MeV and 33.5<aaV<36.4 MeV, respectively.