This study validated three LST retrieval methods for Landsat 5 TM using in situ skin temperature.
The Mono-Window Algorithm provided the best results across a range of atmospheric conditions.
The Radiative Transfer Equation performed well for dates with low PWV.
High PWV decreases the effectiveness of LST retrieval methods relying on PWV for transmittance.
LST retrieved using the same method under different atmospheric conditions may not be well-suited for change detection.