Biomineralization of a calcifying ureolytic bacterium Microbacterium sp. GM-1

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• 作者：Guojing Xu^a ; Dongwei Li^a ; Binquan Jiao^a ; ^{j.binquan@cqu.edu.cn} ; Dou Li^b ; Yajie Yin^c ; ^{yinyajie@cigit.ac.cn} ; Limei Lun^a ; Ziqiang Zhao^a ; Shan Li^a
• 关键词：Calcification process ; Calcite precipitation ; Calcium carbonate precipitation ; Hardening of biological tissues ; Nickel ; Resistance to urea ; Synthesis of biominerals ; Urease ; X-ray diffraction
• 刊名：Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：25
• 期：Complete
• 页码：21-27
• 全文大小：1026 K
• 卷排序：25

文摘

Biomineralization is a significant process performed by living organisms in which minerals are produced through the hardening of biological tissues. Herein, we focus on calcium carbonate precipitation, as part of biomineralization, to be used in applications for environmental protection, material technology, and other fields. A strain GM-1, Microbacterium sp. GM-1, isolated from active sludge, was investigated for its ability to produce urease and induce calcium carbonate precipitation in a metabolic process.ResultsIt was discovered that Microbacterium sp. GM-1 resisted high concentrations of urea up to 60 g/L. In order to optimize the calcification process of Microbacterium sp. GM-1, the concentrations of Ni2 + and urea, pH value, and culture time were analyzed through orthogonal tests. The favored calcite precipitation culture conditions were as follows: the concentration of Ni2 + and urea were 50 μM and 60 g/L, respectively, pH of 10, and culture time of 96 h. Using X-ray diffraction analysis, the calcium carbonate polymorphs produced by Microbacterium sp. GM-1 were proven to be mainly calcite.ConclusionsThe results of this research provide evidence that Microbacterium sp. GM-1 can biologically induce calcification and suggest that strain GM-1 may play a potential role in the synthesis of new biominerals and in bioremediation or biorecovery.