文摘
Retinoic acid (RA) activates protein kinase A (PKA) during cell differentiation. The RIIα regulatory subunit of PKA is modified by RA in early-differentiation stage. RA alters intracellular localization of RIIα and the activation of PKA in cells. RA stabilizes RIIα protein, and increases levels of nuclear phosphorylated proteins. RA-binding may promote PKA stabilization and activation, and cell differentiation.