Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Mediators of Cell Communication In Metabolic Disease

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• 作者：Isabel Huang-Doran¹ ; ³ ; ^{ih240@cam.ac.uk} ; Chen-Yu Zhang² ; Antonio Vidal-Puig¹ ; ³ ; ^@ ; ^{ajv22@medschl.cam.ac.uk}
• 关键词：exosome ; obesity ; diabetes ; miRNA ; nanoparticle
• 刊名：Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：28
• 期：1
• 页码：3-18
• 全文大小：2371 K
• 卷排序：28

文摘

Metabolic homeostasis emerges from the complex, multidirectional crosstalk between key metabolic tissues including adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle. This crosstalk, traditionally mediated by hormones and metabolites, becomes dysregulated in human diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs; including exosomes) are circulating, cell-derived nanoparticles containing proteins and nucleic acids that interact with and modify local and distant cellular targets. Accumulating evidence, reviewed herein, supports a role for extracellular vesicles in obesity-associated metabolic disturbance, particularly the local and systemic inflammation characteristic of adipose and hepatic stress. As the practical and conceptual challenges facing the field are tackled, this emerging and versatile mode of intercellular communication may afford valuable insights and therapeutic opportunities in combatting these major threats to modern human health.