Site-saturation engineering of proline 474 in pyruvate carboxylase from Rhizopus oryzae to elevate fumaric acid production in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells
The strain pdc1adh1fum1 can produce fumaric acid with low ethanol titer. RoPYC was found to be more beneficial for fumaric acid production than ScPYC2. The P474N mutant’s overexpression led to a significant higher levels of fumaric acid. Supplementation of 56 μg l−1 biotin produced the best yield of fumaric acid.