文摘
Changing effectiveness of the BoJ's QE policies over time (1996Q1–2015Q3) is evaluated. The paper focused on ZIRP (1999–2000), the QE-Policy (2001–2006), and ‘Abenomics’ (2013–). Time-varying parameter vector autoregression with a new set of sign restrictions was used. Important differences concerning the effects of QE over time are found. QE-shock is found to have strong effects on core CPI but not on GDP during Abenomics.